Multiple WordPress Website on LEMP

LEMP

1. Install LEMP

2. Create a New Nginx Server Block:

Create a new Nginx server block for each WordPress website you want to host. You can do this by creating a new configuration file in the /etc/nginx/sites-available/ directory. For example, to create a new server block for a website called example.com, you can create a file called example.com.conf in the /etc/nginx/sites-available/ directory.

nano /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com.conf

3. Configure Nginx Server Block:

In the server block configuration file, you need to specify the root directory for your WordPress installation and the domain name of your website. Here is an example configuration file:

server {
listen 80;
server_name example.com www.example.com;
root /var/www/example.com;

index index.php index.html index.htm;

location / {
try_files $uri $uri/ /index.php?$args;
}

location ~ \.php$ {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
}

location = /favicon.ico {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}

location = /robots.txt {
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
allow all;
}

# Block PHP files in uploads directory
location ~* /wp-content/uploads/.*\.php$ {
deny all;
}

# Block access to hidden files and directories
location ~ /\. {
deny all;
access_log off;
log_not_found off;
}
}

Note: if you are using a different version of PHP then replace the 7.4 with the version you are using. eg. 8.0 and do not forget to replace example.com with your domain.

4. Create Database

Create a New MySQL Database: Create a new MySQL database for each WordPress website you want to host. You can do this using the MySQL command line interface

mysql -u root

or

mysql -u root -p
CREATE DATABASE db_databasename;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON db_databasename.* TO 'wordpressuser'@'localhost';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
exit;

Note: Replace the databasename and wordpressuser as per your choice. we will use the database name and wordpressuser later in the section of wordpress configuration.

5. Download WordPress & Install

Download and Install WordPress: Download and install WordPress in the root directory of your website. You can do this using the WordPress command line interface.

wget https://wordpress.org/latest.zip

Create WordPress folder for your website.

sudo mkdir -p /var/www/example.com

copy latest.zip to /var/www/example.com

cp latest.zip /var/www/example.com/latest.zip

unzip with

cd /var/www/example.com
unzip latest.zip

change Directory to your newly created folder </var/www/example.com>

cd /var/www/example.com

here you will see a folder named wordpress

change directory again to wordpress

cd wordpress

copy wp-config-sample.php to wp-config.php

sudo cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php

Now edit the new config file with a command-line text editor like Nano.

sudo nano wp-config.php

Find the following lines and replace the red texts with the database name, username and password you created in the previous step.

/** The name of the database for WordPress */
define('DB_NAME', 'database_name_here');

/** MySQL database username */
define('DB_USER', 'username_here');

/** MySQL database password */
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password_here');

Then scroll down to find the following line.

$table_prefix = 'wp_';

By default, every WordPress database table name begins with wp_ as the prefix. It’s highly recommended to change it to something else to improve security. Use random characters like below.

$table_prefix = 'DBexAg_';

Save and close the file.

We also need to set the Nginx user (www-data) as the owner of the WordPress site directory by using the following command.

sudo chown www-data:www-data /var/www/example.com/ -R

Enable Nginx Server Block: Once you have created the Nginx server block configuration file and installed WordPress, you need to enable the server block by creating a symbolic link to the file in the /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/ directory. You can do this using the ln command:

sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/example.com /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/

To Test nginx configuration

sudo nginx -t

If the test is successful, reload Nginx.

sudo systemctl reload nginx

you probably need to install some PHP7.4 extensions. if you are using php7.4.

sudo apt install php-imagick php7.4-fpm php7.4-mbstring php7.4-bcmath php7.4-xml php7.4-mysql php7.4-common php7.4-gd php7.4-json php7.4-cli php7.4-curl php7.4-zip

Then reload PHP-FPM and Nginx. The wizard should now be displayed.

sudo systemctl reload php7.4-fpm nginx

6. Enabling HTTPS

To encrypt the HTTP traffic, we can enable HTTPS by installing a free TLS certificate issued from Let’s Encrypt. Run the following command to install Let’s Encrypt client (certbot) on Ubuntu 20.04 server.

sudo apt install certbot python3-certbot-nginx

And run this command to obtain and install TLS certificate.

sudo certbot --nginx --agree-tos --redirect --hsts --staple-ocsp --email you@example.com -d example.com,www.example.com

The certificate should now be obtained and automatically installed.

7. Finish the Installation with the Setup Wizard

Enter your domain name in the browser address bar.

example.com

or

example.com/wp-admin/install.php

You shall see the WordPress installation wizard. Select a language.

Choose Language

Create an admin account and click the Install WordPress button.

And now your new WordPress site is installed.

Repeat steps 2-7 for each WordPress website you want to host on your server.

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